Korean Notes

안녕 여러분!

I dabbled a bit in Korean without getting too far. But hey, this might be useful anyway.

• Particles
• Allophones
• Interogatives
• Demonstratives
• To Be

Particles

Particle	Purpose	Notes
들	Plural	Not needed when the noun is implicitly plural (e.g. 우리)
은/는	Topic	Difference between topic and subject: Reddit (en), Stack Exchange (en), Polusharie (ru)
이/가	Subject
을/를	Object
에게 (lit.) / 한테 (col.)	Dative
에	Time / Place
의	Genitive
과/와	And

More info on Wikipedia

Allophones

Phoneme	ㄱ	ㅋ	ㄲ	ㅇ	ㄷ	ㅌ	ㅅ	ㅆ	ㅈ	ㅊ	ㄸ	ㅉ	ㄴ	ㄹ	ㅂ	ㅍ	ㅃ	ㅁ	ㅎ
Initial allophone	k	kʰ	k͈	–	t	tʰ	s	s͈	tɕ	tɕʰ	t͈	t͈ɕ	n	(n)	p	pʰ	p͈	m	h
Medial allophone	ɡ			ŋ	d				dʑ					ɾ	b				(ɦ)
Final allophone	k̚				t̚									l	p̚

Lifted from The Korean Wiki Project

Interogatives

• 뭐 - what
• 누구 - who (누가 in subject form)

Demonstratives

• 이것 = this thing
• 그것 = that thing (aforementioned, like Icelandic sá)
• 저것 = that thing

To Be

이다 - To equal, to be something

Note: It’s a particle, not a verb!

• 이야 / 야 - informal impolite
• 이에요 / 예요 - informal polite
• 이다 / 다 - formal impolite
• 입니다 / ㅂ니다 - formal polite

저것은 차이다 = that is a car

아니다 - To not equal

있다 - To be in a state, to exist

뉴욕은 미국에 있다 = New York is in the United States.

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